Aortopulmonary Window (AP Window) Treatment in Delhi: Symptoms & Risk Factors

An Aortopulmonary (AP) window refers to an unusual connection between the intrapericardial segments of the aorta and the pulmonary artery. This condition is exceedingly rare, comprising only 0.1% to 0.6% of congenital heart defects. It manifests as a spectrum, ranging from a small circular communication to a complete absence of the septum separating the aorta and pulmonary artery.

This abnormal connection can present in isolation or in conjunction with other cardiovascular anomalies, including atrial septal defects, ventricular septal defects, coarctation of the aorta, interrupted aortic arch, or tetralogy of Fallot.

Exploring the diverse risk factors associated with the AP window can help implement effective preventive strategies and early management approaches.

What Is an AP Window?

Aortopulmonary window (AP window) is a rare congenital heart defect where one or more of the pulmonary veins don’t connect normally to the left atrium of the heart. Instead, they connect to the right atrium or other nearby structures. This abnormality can disrupt blood flow and oxygen delivery to the body, potentially leading to various health complications.

Dr. Dinesh Mittal, a renowned cardiothoracic surgeon, specializes in the treatment of complex heart conditions. With expertise in minimally invasive techniques, he is a leading authority on repairing the top AP window. 

His innovative approaches ensure precise and effective treatment, delivering optimal outcomes and improved quality of life for patients. Dr. Mittal’s dedication to excellence has earned him recognition as a pioneer in cardiac surgery. 

Symptoms of Aortopulmonary (AP) Window

The symptoms of an aortopulmonary (AP) window usually appear early in infancy and vary depending on the size of the defect and the amount of abnormal blood flow. Common symptoms include:

• Rapid or laboured breathing

• Poor feeding and difficulty gaining weight in infants

• Excessive sweating, especially during feeding or crying

• Bluish discolouration of lips, skin, or nails (cyanosis)

• Recurrent chest or lung infections

• Fast heart rate or palpitations

• Signs of heart failure, such as swelling of the feet or abdomen (in severe cases)

• Fatigue or reduced activity tolerance

• Heart murmur detected during physical examination

What Are its Risk Factors?

The various factors that contribute to the development of this congenital heart defect are:

• Congenital Factors: AP window is primarily a congenital condition, meaning it’s present at birth. Factors such as genetic predisposition or maternal health during pregnancy can contribute to its development. Approximately 1 in 2,500 live births are affected by congenital heart defects, including an AP window.
• Family History: Individuals with a family history of congenital heart defects may have a higher risk of developing an AP window. Genetic factors can play a significant role in predisposing individuals to such conditions.
• Maternal Health: Maternal health during pregnancy can influence fetal development, including the formation of the heart and blood vessels. Factors such as maternal diabetes, obesity, smoking, or exposure to certain medications or toxins during pregnancy may increase the risk of congenital heart defects like AP window in the offspring.
• Environmental Factors: Exposure to toxins or pollutants during pregnancy may also contribute to the development of AP windows. Ensuring a healthy and supportive environment during pregnancy is crucial for fetal growth and reducing the risk of congenital anomalies.

Dr. Mittal: “Lifestyle changes play a crucial role in managing AP window anomalies. Adopting a heart-healthy diet low in saturated fats and sodium can help regulate blood pressure and reduce strain on the heart. Regular exercise, tailored to your condition, improves cardiovascular fitness and overall well-being. Quitting smoking is paramount, as it reduces the risk of complications. Stress management techniques like meditation or yoga can also promote relaxation and lower blood pressure. By embracing these changes, you empower yourself to control your health better and enhance the effectiveness of medical interventions.”

What May Be the Preventive Measures?

While some risk factors for AP window are beyond our control, there are steps we can take to mitigate risk and promote overall heart health:

• Preconception and Prenatal Care: Ensuring optimal maternal health before and during pregnancy can reduce the risk of congenital heart defects in offspring. This includes maintaining a healthy weight, managing chronic conditions like diabetes, and avoiding harmful substances.
• Genetic Counseling: Individuals with a family history of congenital heart defects may benefit from genetic counseling. Genetic testing and counseling can provide valuable insights into the risk of passing on genetic anomalies to offspring and inform family planning decisions.
• Environmental Awareness: Avoiding exposure to toxins, pollutants, and harmful substances during pregnancy is essential for fetal development. Pregnant individuals should be mindful of their surroundings and take precautions to minimize exposure to potential hazards.

One of Dr. Mittal’s patients shared, “I was diagnosed with an AP window anomaly during my pregnancy, which was a terrifying experience. Dr. Mittal’s expertise and compassionate care guided me through every step of the journey. His thorough explanation of the condition and proactive approach to managing risk factors reassured me and my family. Thanks to Dr. Mittal’s skillful hands and dedication, I underwent successful surgery and now have a healthy baby boy. I’m forever grateful for his exceptional care.”

What Is the Cost of Treating AP Window In Delhi?

In Delhi, the cost of Aortopulmonary (AP) window treatment typically ranges from ₹3,50,000 to ₹6,50,000. 

This cost generally includes pre-operative investigations, surgical correction, ICU care, hospital stay, and immediate post-operative monitoring. The final expense may vary depending on the severity of the defect, associated heart anomalies, the hospital’s infrastructure, the surgeon’s expertise, the length of ICU stay, and the baby’s overall clinical condition.

Conclusion

While AP window is a rare congenital heart defect, understanding the associated risk factors is crucial for early detection and intervention. By recognizing the factors that contribute to the AP window and taking preventive measures, we can work to reduce the incidence of this condition and promote heart health for future generations. Remember, proactive steps toward health today can pave the way for a healthier tomorrow.