Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Surgery in Delhi

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) surgery, commonly known as heart bypass surgery, is a widely performed cardiac procedure used to treat serious blockages in the arteries that supply blood to the heart. These blockages occur when fatty deposits (plaque) build up inside the coronary arteries, reducing blood flow to the heart muscle. CABG surgery creates a new pathway for blood to flow around the blocked artery, helping the heart receive the oxygen-rich blood it needs to function properly.

Over the years, CABG surgery has improved significantly due to advancements in medical technology and surgical techniques, making the procedure safer and more effective. Today, modern methods such as minimally invasive bypass surgery and robot-assisted CABG allow for smaller incisions and can help some patients recover more comfortably and quickly.

Every year, globally, more than 4,00,000 heart bypass surgeries are performed, with a success rate exceeding 98%, this procedure has helped many patients relieve symptoms, improve heart function, and lead longer, healthier lives.

What is Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)?

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) is a type of cardiac bypass surgery used to treat coronary artery disease (CAD). In this condition, the arteries that supply blood to the heart, known as the coronary arteries, become narrowed or blocked due to the buildup of fatty deposits called plaque.

The heart requires a constant supply of oxygen-rich blood to function effectively and support the body’s functions. This blood is delivered through the coronary arteries. When these arteries become narrow or blocked, the heart muscle may not receive enough oxygen, which can lead to symptoms such as chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, fatigue, or even a heart attack.

During CABG surgery, the cardiac surgeon creates a new pathway for blood to flow to the heart. This is done by using a healthy blood vessel taken from another part of the patient’s body. This vessel is called a graft and is usually taken from:

• The leg vein (saphenous vein)
• The chest artery (internal mammary artery)
• The arm artery

The graft is attached above and below the blocked section of the artery, allowing blood to bypass the blockage and flow freely to the heart muscle. This improves oxygen supply and helping the heart function more efficiently.

By restoring proper blood flow, CABG surgery can relieve symptoms, reduce the risk of heart attack, and improve a patient’s overall quality of life.

When is CABG Surgery Recommended?

Doctors may recommend CABG surgery when the coronary arteries become severely narrowed or blocked due to plaque buildup, a condition called atherosclerosis.

In this condition, fatty deposits accumulate inside the artery walls, reducing blood flow to the heart. Over time, this can lead to serious complications such as:

• Angina (chest pain)
• Shortness of breath
• Heart attack
• Reduced heart function

Several risk factors can increase the chances of developing coronary artery disease, including:

• Smoking
• High cholesterol
• High blood pressure
• Diabetes
• Obesity
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Family history of heart disease

When medications, lifestyle changes, or angioplasty are not sufficient to improve blood flow, heart bypass surgery may be recommended as a long-term solution. By restoring proper blood circulation to the heart muscle, CABG surgery can help relieve symptoms, reduce the risk of serious heart complications, and improve overall heart health.

How is CABG Surgery Performed?

Understanding the steps involved in the procedure can help patients and families feel more prepared and confident about the surgery. CABG surgery is performed by an experienced cardiac surgeon in a specialised cardiac operating theatre equipped with advanced monitoring and surgical technology.

Before the procedure, patients undergo several medical tests such as blood tests, imaging scans, and heart function tests to ensure they are prepared for surgery.

Step 1: Anaesthesia

The surgery is performed under general anaesthesia, which means the patient remains asleep and does not feel any pain during the procedure.

Step 2: Access to the Heart

The surgeon makes an incision in the chest to reach the heart. In traditional CABG surgery, the breastbone (sternum) is carefully opened to provide clear access to the heart and coronary arteries.

Step 3: Harvesting the Graft

A healthy blood vessel is taken from another part of the patient’s body, usually the leg, chest, or arm, to be used as the bypass graft.

Step 4: Bypassing the Blockage

One end of the graft is attached to the aorta, and the other end is connected to the coronary artery beyond the blocked section. This allows blood to flow around the blockage and reach the heart muscle.

Step 5: Closing the Incision

Once the bypass is completed and blood flow is restored, the chest is closed using sutures or surgical staples.

The CABG procedure usually takes 3 to 6 hours, depending on the number of arteries that need to be bypassed and the patient’s overall condition. After the surgery, the patient is moved to the intensive care unit (ICU) for close monitoring during the initial recovery period.

Types of CABG Surgery

Modern cardiac surgery offers several approaches to performing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. The type of CABG surgery recommended for a patient depends on several factors, including the number of blocked arteries, the patient’s overall health, and the surgeon’s evaluation.

Today, cardiac specialists may use different techniques to perform heart bypass surgery, depending on what is most suitable for the patient.

Traditional CABG Surgery

This is the most common type of heart bypass surgery, where the surgeon makes an incision in the chest and opens the breastbone to access the heart. Grafts are then used to bypass the blocked coronary arteries and restore normal blood flow to the heart muscle.

Off-Pump CABG

In off-pump CABG, the surgery is performed while the heart continues to beat, without using a heart-lung machine. This specialised technique may be recommended for certain patients depending on their condition.

Minimally Invasive CABG

This technique involves smaller incisions between the ribs instead of opening the entire chest. Minimally invasive CABG surgery may result in less pain, smaller scars, and faster recovery for some patients.

Robot-Assisted CABG

In robot-assisted CABG surgery, the surgeon uses robotic technology to perform procedures through small incisions. This advanced technique allows better surgical precision and potentially quicker recovery.

Recovery After CABG Surgery

Recovery after CABG surgery is a gradual process as the body heals from the operation. Most patients are able to sit up within a day, start walking within 3 days, and resume light activities within a few weeks. It is common to feel tired during the first 3 to 6 weeks as the body uses energy to heal.

Many patients return to most normal activities within about 6 weeks, while full recovery may take 10 to 12 weeks if there are no complications.

To support smooth recovery, doctors usually recommend:

• Taking prescribed medications
• Keeping the surgical wound clean
• Gradually increasing physical activity
• Following a heart-healthy diet
• Attending follow-up appointments

With proper care and rehabilitation, many patients regain strength and return to their daily routines.

What is the Cost of CABG Surgery in Delhi?

The cost of CABG surgery in Delhi can vary depending on several factors, including the hospital chosen, the complexity of the procedure, and the patient’s overall health condition.

The estimated cost range is ₹1,20,000 – ₹4,40,000

The total cost of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) may depend on factors such as:

• Hospital facilities and technology
• Experience of the cardiac surgeon
• Number of bypass grafts required
• Duration of hospital stay
  Post-operative monitoring and rehabilitation

Patients are encouraged to consult their healthcare provider or hospital to understand the complete treatment plan, estimated expenses, and available insurance or financial support options before undergoing the procedure.

Why Choose Dr. Dinesh Kumar Mittal for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Surgery?

Choosing an experienced cardiac surgeon is essential for achieving the best outcomes in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) surgery.

Dr. Dinesh Kumar Mittal is a highly experienced cardiac surgeon known for performing complex heart bypass surgery procedures with a strong focus on patient safety and long-term outcomes. With decades of experience in cardiac care, he has treated many patients with coronary artery disease, helping them regain better heart function and quality of life.

Reasons patients trust Dr. Dinesh Kumar Mittal for CABG surgery include:

• Extensive experience in cardiac surgery
• Expertise in treating coronary artery disease and complex heart conditions
• Skilled in advanced and minimally invasive bypass techniques
• Emphasis on patient safety and personalised treatment plans
• Comprehensive post-surgery care and recovery guidance

Dr. Dinesh Mittal follows a patient-centred approach, ensuring that every individual receives a carefully planned treatment strategy based on their heart condition, medical history, and overall health.

Conclusion

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) surgery is one of the most effective treatments for restoring blood flow to the heart in patients with severe coronary artery disease. By bypassing blocked arteries, heart bypass surgery helps relieve symptoms such as chest pain and significantly reduces the risk of a heart attack.

With modern surgical techniques and experienced specialists, patients undergoing CABG surgery in Delhi can benefit from advanced treatment and high success rates. With proper recovery care, lifestyle changes, and regular medical follow-ups, many patients regain their strength and return to a healthier, more active life.